State of European Power · February 2023
State of European Power — February 2023
Published 2023-03-02 · every figure recomputed live from the Voltcast production database (last: 2026-07-13T23:57Z) · reproduce any number via the API
0
negative price-hours across 41 zones in February 2023
125.05
average day-ahead price, €/MWh, across covered zones
0
zones that cleared below zero at least once
February 2023 closed with 0 negative price-hours across the 41 European bidding zones with full coverage this month — 0 of them cleared below zero at least once. Negative prices are no longer an anomaly; they are a structural feature of a grid where solar and wind routinely outrun demand.
The cheapest market of the month was NO4 (average 28.81 €/MWh); the priciest was IT-NORD (162.11 €/MWh) — a 133 €/MWh gap between two markets inside one coupled European system, which is the whole story of constrained interconnection in one number.
DE-LU logged the most negative hours (0), and the widest intra-month price range belonged to RO: from 1.01 to 317.66 €/MWh (316.65 €/MWh of spread — the raw material for every battery business case). The single deepest print of the month was -49.95 €/MWh in DE-LU on 2023-02-06.
Every zone, one table
| Zone | Avg €/MWh | Min | Max | Negative hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT | 144.85 | 67.8 | 234.61 | 0 |
| BE | 143.51 | 55.13 | 245.6 | 0 |
| BG | 142.37 | 1.01 | 317.66 | 0 |
| CH | 153.76 | 70.37 | 236.27 | 0 |
| CZ | 139.25 | 32.37 | 245.6 | 0 |
| DE-LU | 127.92 | 20.85 | 247.66 | 0 |
| DK1 | 118.22 | 22.01 | 245.6 | 0 |
| DK2 | 100.73 | 7.33 | 245.6 | 0 |
| EE | 113.09 | 12.68 | 216.93 | 0 |
| ES | 133.49 | 4.16 | 189.74 | 0 |
| FI | 80.04 | 7.33 | 213.39 | 0 |
| FR | 148.78 | 55.84 | 256.66 | 0 |
| GR | 156.25 | 1.01 | 287.32 | 0 |
| HR | 145.24 | 50.43 | 245.6 | 0 |
| HU | 146.27 | 42.77 | 295.77 | 0 |
| IE-SEM | 159.19 | 34.51 | 307 | 0 |
| IT-CALA | 157.85 | 50 | 270 | 0 |
| IT-CNOR | 162.11 | 69.7 | 270 | 0 |
| IT-CSUD | 159.62 | 50 | 270 | 0 |
| IT-NORD | 162.11 | 69.7 | 270 | 0 |
| IT-SARD | 159.62 | 50 | 270 | 0 |
| IT-SICI | 158.26 | 50 | 301 | 0 |
| IT-SUD | 158.66 | 50 | 270 | 0 |
| LT | 114.66 | 12.68 | 239.7 | 0 |
| LV | 113.74 | 12.68 | 216.93 | 0 |
| NL | 134.91 | 29.13 | 245.6 | 0 |
| NO1 | 104.97 | 30.06 | 206.78 | 0 |
| NO2 | 105.04 | 30.06 | 206.78 | 0 |
| NO3 | 44.4 | 7.33 | 178.13 | 0 |
| NO4 | 28.81 | 7.33 | 124.72 | 0 |
| NO5 | 101.22 | 30.06 | 206.78 | 0 |
| PL | 136.85 | 42.84 | 216.31 | 0 |
| PT | 134.25 | 17.69 | 189.74 | 0 |
| RO | 142.56 | 1.01 | 317.66 | 0 |
| RS | 145.42 | 57.74 | 219.9 | 0 |
| SE1 | 46.38 | 7.33 | 178.13 | 0 |
| SE2 | 46.38 | 7.33 | 178.13 | 0 |
| SE3 | 73.59 | 7.33 | 213.39 | 0 |
| SE4 | 91.72 | 7.33 | 239.7 | 0 |
| SI | 145.64 | 53.72 | 245.6 | 0 |
| SK | 145.42 | 39.72 | 245.6 | 0 |
Method & citation. Hourly means over all published day-ahead auction results
per zone (native 15-minute periods averaged per hour); zones with under 20 reported days excluded. Sources: ENTSO-E
Transparency Platform, SMARD (CC BY 4.0). Reproduce via GET /api/v1/prices/{zone}.
Cite as "Voltcast Research, voltcast.com/research/state-of-european-power-2023-02".